Which event in history involved the Royal Marines capturing Gibraltar?

The event in history that involved the Royal Marines capturing Gibraltar is indeed tied to the War of Spanish Succession. During this conflict, which lasted from 1701 to 1714, the Royal Marines played a significant role in the British capture of Gibraltar in 1704. Gibraltar's strategic location at the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea made it a critical naval base. The successful capture not only secured a pivotal point for British naval operations but also laid the groundwork for the British Empire's presence in the Mediterranean.

The other options represent significant conflicts, but they do not directly pertain to the Royal Marines capturing Gibraltar. The Battle of Trafalgar was primarily a naval engagement involving the British fleet but occurred much later, in 1805. The Falklands Campaign took place in 1982 and involved a conflict over the Falkland Islands, while World War II encompassed a broad range of events that did not include the capture of Gibraltar by the Royal Marines, as it had already been firmly in British hands since the early 18th century.